What is the structure of Leishmania?
What is the structure of Leishmania?
Structure. Leishmania donovani is a unicellular eukaryote having a well-defined nucleus and other cell organelles including a kinetoplast and a flagellum. This species has n=36 chromosomes.
What supergroup is Leishmania in?
Leishmania /liːʃˈmeɪniə/ is a genus of trypanosomes that are responsible for the disease leishmaniasis. They are spread by sandflies of the genus Phlebotomus in the Old World, and of the genus Lutzomyia in the New World.
What is the classification of Leishmania donovani?
Kinetoplastida
Leishmania donovani/Class
Who transmits Leishmania?
Leishmaniasis is transmitted by the bite of infected female phlebotomine sand flies. The sand flies inject the infective stage (i.e., promastigotes) from their proboscis during blood meals . Promastigotes that reach the puncture wound are phagocytized by macrophages and other types of mononuclear phagocytic cells.
What is the life cycle of Leishmania donovani?
Life Cycle. Leishmaniasis is transmitted by the bite of female phlebotomine sandflies. The sandflies inject the infective stage, promastigotes, during blood meals . Promastigotes that reach the puncture wound are phagocytized by macrophages and transform into amastigotes .
What are the clinical manifestations of L donovani?
The course of the infection can be subclinical or oligosymptomatic or can cause a full-blown disease (kala-azar). The clinical features are fever, weakness, night sweats, anorexia, and weight loss.
Is Leishmania unicellular or multicellular?
Leishmania, a unicellular Trypanosomatid protozoan parasite causes a wide range of human diseases ranging from the localized self-healing cutaneous lesions to fatal visceral infections.
What is the reservoir for L donovani?
The reservoir of infection for Indian kala-azar is humans, whereas it is rodents for African kala-azar, foxes in Brazil and Central Asia, and canines for the Mediterranean and Chinese kala-azar. Other mammalian reservoirs for the Leishmania parasite include equines and monkeys.
What is the intermediate host of Leishmania donovani?
The parasite requires two different hosts for a complete life cycle, humans as the definitive host and sandflies as the intermediate host. In some parts of the world other mammals, especially canines, act as reservoir hosts.
Who leishmaniasis control?
Leishmaniasis is a treatable and curable disease, which requires an immunocompetent system because medicines will not get rid of the parasite from the body, thus the risk of relapse if immunosuppression occurs. All patients diagnosed as with visceral leishmaniasis require prompt and complete treatment.
Is kala-azar eradicated from India?
The eradication of kala azar in India is achievable and there are favorable circumstances for doing so. Humans are the only reservoir host in this region for the parasite causing the disease. The only way the disease spreads from human to human is by one insect in the region, Phlebotomus argentipes.
What is Leishman Donovan body?
Leishman-Donovan bodies are small round or oval bodies found in the spleen and liver of patients suffering from kalaazar, a tropical disease charac- terized by anaemia, irregularly remittent fever, and emaciation.