Is the quadrupole tensor symmetric?

While a single charge is a scalar quantity, and a dipole moment is a vector quantity, the quadrupole moment is a second order symmetric tensor.

What is meant by quadrupole moment?

The quadrupole moment of a nucleus is usually defined1 as “the quantity (3z2 — r2)Av, where the average is taken over the nuclear charges for the state which has the maximum component of spin I in the z direction”.

What is the quadrupole moment of spherical nucleus?

The nuclear electric quadrupole moment is a parameter which describes the effective shape of the ellipsoid of nuclear charge distribution. A non-zero quadrupole moment Q indicates that the charge distribution is not spherically symmetric.

Is co2 a quadrupole?

The symmetric molecule carbon dioxide has a permanent electrical quadrupole moment that can be described as two electrical dipoles sitting back-to-back and pointing in opposite directions. In contrast, nitrogen, hydrogen, and methane have much smaller quadrupole moments. The pores thus remain closed to them.

What is quadrupole moment discuss the theory of nuclear quadrupole resonance spectroscopy?

Nuclear quadrupole resonance spectroscopy or NQR is a chemical analysis technique related to nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). A particular NQR frequency in a compound or crystal is proportional to the product of the nuclear quadrupole moment, a property of the nucleus, and the EFG in the neighborhood of the nucleus.

What is an electric quadrupole explain?

[i¦lek·trik ′kwä·drə‚pōl] (electricity) A charge distribution that produces an electric field equivalent to that produced by two electric dipoles whose dipole moments have the same magnitude but point in opposite directions and which are separated from each other by a small distance.

How does a quadrupole work?

A quadrupole mass analyzer consists of a set of four conducting rods arranged in parallel, with a space in the middle; the opposing pairs of rods are electrically connected to each other. The field is generated when a radio frequency (RF) voltage is applied between one pair of opposing rods within the quadrupole.

What do you mean by electric quadrupole?

What is the value of electric quadrupole moment for spherical nucleus?

In spherically symmetric nuclei, it is zero. However, in nonspherical nuclei the quadrupole moment is nonzero.

Is there an electric quadrupole interaction in cubic point symmetry?

For sites of cubic point symmetry, all components of the EFG tensor vanish and no electric quadrupole interaction is observed. The electric quadrupole interaction leaves the groundstate of 57 Fe with spin I = 1/2 unsplit and splits the I = 3/2 excited state into two substates.

What is the value of the quadrupole moment Q?

The nuclear electric quadrupole momentis a parameter which describes the effective shape of the ellipsoid of nuclear charge distribution. A non-zero quadrupole moment Q indicates that the charge distribution is not spherically symmetric. By convention, the value of Q is taken to be positive if the ellipsoid is prolate and negative if it is oblate.

Which is a description of the quadrupole interaction?

The electric quadrupole interaction represents the orientational energy of non-spherical nuclei in the electrostatic field produced by the electrons and ions in a solid. The latter is described by the tensor of the electric field gradient (EFG).

Can a quadrupole doublet be determined by magnitude?

In isotropic polycrystalline absorbers the two components of the quadrupole doublet have the same intensity. For such symmetric quadrupole doublets, which are the rule in pottery clays and ceramics, only the magnitude but not the sign of the electric quadrupole interaction can be determined.