What optical elements are diffractive?

Diffractive Optical Elements (DOE) are manufactured to have microstructure patterns that alter and control the phase of transmitted laser light. By altering the microstructures, it is possible for a diffractive optical element to produce almost any beam intensity profile or beam shape to meet application requirements.

How DOEs a diffractive optical element work?

Diffractive Optical Elements (DOEs), sometimes referred to as digital diffractive optics, are phase relief elements that uses micro-structures to alter the phase of the light propagated through them, and thus manipulate it in various ways to create shapes and light patterns that are either impossible to achieve in …

What is a diffractive element?

Diffractive elements are thin phase elements that operate by means of interference and diffraction to produce arbitrary distributions of light or to aid in the design of optical systems. RPC Photonics designs and fabricates diffractive elements with both binary and analog phase profiles.

What is an optical element?

A component or a part of an optical system. Note: Examples of optical elements are the whole or elements of borescopes, fiberscopes, fiber optic faceplates, lenses, prisms, mirrors, light-emitting diodes, photodetectors, optical fibers, fiber optic cables, and fiber optic bundles.

What is a meta lens?

Metalenses are a flat lens technology, made by optical components that use metasurfaces to focus light. They can be used in optical applications that take advantage of the flat surface and reduced thickness, compared to classic, curved refractive lenses that are mainly used in optical devices today.

What does a Fresnel lens do?

A Fresnel (pronounced fray-NEL) lens replaces the curved surface of a conventional optical lens with a series of concentric grooves. These contours act as individual refracting surfaces, bending parallel light rays to a common focal length (Figure 1).

What is optic refraction?

< Optics. Refraction is the change in direction and phase velocity of a wave due to a change in the medium in which the wave is traveling. A wave which undergoes this phenomenon is said to have been refracted.

What are optical lenses used for?

Lens, in optics, piece of glass or other transparent substance that is used to form an image of an object by focusing rays of light from the object.

What kind of lens does a hologram use?

One use of a holographic optical element is in thin-profile combiner lenses for optical head-mounted displays. A reflective volume hologram is used to extract progressively a collimated image that was directed via total internal reflection in an optical waveguide.

What are metamaterials made of?

Metamaterials are composite materials typically composed of arrays of small metallic resonators structured on the microscale or nanoscale (McPhedran, Shadrivov, Kuhlmey, & Kivshar, 2011; Walser, 2003).

What is a double concave lens?

Double-Concave Lenses are used in beam expansion, image reduction, or light projection applications. These lenses are also ideal for expanding the focal length of an optical system. Double-Concave Lenses, which have two concave surfaces, are Optical Lenses with negative focal lengths.

How are wave fields related to optical diffraction?

The wave fields traditionally described are X-rays, neutrons or electrons and the regular lattice, atomic crystal structures or nanometer scaled multi-layers or self arranged systems. In a wider sense, similar treatment is related to the interaction of light with optical band-gap materials or related wave problems in acoustics.

How does the dynamical theory of diffraction work?

The dynamical theory of diffraction considers the wave field in the periodic potential of the crystal and takes into account all multiple scattering effects.

How is the extinction length related to diffraction?

The extinction length is related to the Pendellösung period. Even if a crystal is infinitely thick, only the crystal volume within the extinction length contributes considerably to the diffraction in Bragg geometry.

What happens to the band gap during Laue diffraction?

Regarding the quantum mechanical energy of the system, this leads to the band gap structure which is commonly well known for electrons. Upon Laue diffraction, intensity is shuffled from the forward diffracted beam into the Bragg diffracted beam until extinction.