What is ifosfamide-induced encephalopathy?

Ifosfamide – induced encephalopathy is an acute neurological disturbance occurring during or shortly after ifosfamide infusion. Although it is usually reversible, it is a serious and potentially fatal complication and should always be discussed with the Consultant on call.

Why does ifosfamide cause neurotoxicity?

Several mechanisms for the etiology of ifosfamide-induced neurotoxicity have been described and most center on a metabolite of ifosfamide, chloroacetaldehyde. Ifosfamide is metabolized in the liver by the cytochrome P-450 enzyme CYP3A4 to the active moiety ifosforamide mustard.

Does ifosfamide cause nephrotoxicity?

Nephrotoxicity due to direct tubular injury is a prominent complication of ifosfamide therapy; glomerular toxicity may also occur.

What is ifosfamide used for?

Ifosfamide is used in combination with other medications to treat cancer of the testicles that has not improved or that has worsened after treatment with other medications or radiation therapy. Ifosfamide is in a class of medications called alkylating agents.

Does ifosfamide cause low blood pressure?

In 100 people receiving Etoposide, Ifosfamide, 3 or fewer may have: Cancer of bone marrow (leukemia) caused by chemotherapy. Allergic reaction which may cause rash, low blood pressure, wheezing, shortness of breath, swelling of the face or throat.

Can ifosfamide cause seizures?

CNS toxicity displays a wide spectrum of signs and symptoms. Manifestations of ifosfamide-induced encephalopathy include cerebellar ataxia, mental confusion, complex visual hallucinations, extrapyramidal signs, seizures and/or mutism.

Is etoposide nephrotoxic?

High-dose carboplatin, etoposide and ifosfamide (CEI) is an active chemotherapy regimen (HDCT) in solid tumors and lymphomas. In patients with previous exposure to cisplatin, its nephrotoxicity is dose-limiting.

What are the long term side effects of ifosfamide?

CNS toxicities can be severe and result in encephalopathy and death. Monitor for CNS toxicity and discontinue treatment for encephalopathy. Nephrotoxicity can be severe and result in renal failure. Hemorrhagic cystitis can be severe and can be reduced by the prophylactic use of mesna.

What is the trade name for ifosfamide?

Ifosfamide. Ifex is the trade name for Ifosfamide. In some cases, health care professionals may use the trade name ifex when referring to the generic drug name ifosfamide. Drug type: Ifosfamide is an anti-cancer (“antineoplastic” or “cytotoxic”) chemotherapy drug. This medication is classified as an “alkylating agent.” (For more detail,…

What are the side effects of ifosfamide in dogs?

In dogs and rhesus monkeys very high doses of ifosfamide have caused changes in ECG, cardiac histology, and heart function (negative chrono- and inotropic effects). [ Ref] Cardiovascular side effects are rare.

How often can you take ifosfamide without mesna protection?

At daily doses of 1.2 g/m2 for 5 consecutive days without mesna protection, microscopic hematuria is expected in approximately 50% to 100% of patients, and gross hematuria in approximately 8% of patients. [ Ref] Ifosfamide is more urotoxic than cyclophosphamide.